#include <db_cxx.h> DbEnv::close(u_int32_t flags);
         The DbEnv::close() method closes the Berkeley DB environment,
         freeing any allocated resources and closing all database handles opened with 
         this environment handle, as well as closing any underlying subsystems.
    
When you call the DbEnv::close() method, all open Db handles and Dbc 
    handles are closed automatically by this function. And, when you close a database handle,
all cursors opened with it are closed automatically.
         
    
       In multiple threads of control, each thread of control opens a database environment and the database handles
within it. When you close each database handle using the DbEnv::close() method, by default, the database is not synchronized and is similar to calling the Db::close(DB_NOSYNC) method. This is to avoid 
unncessary database synchronization when there are multiple environment handles open.
To ensure all open database handles are synchronized when you close the last environment handle, set the flag parameter value of the DbEnv::close() method to DB_FORCESYNC. 
This is similar to calling the Db::close(0) method to close each database handle. 
    
If a database close operation fails, the method returns a non-zero error value for the first instance of such an error, and continues to close the rest of the database and environment handles.
The DbEnv handle should not be closed while any other handle that refers to it is not yet closed; for example, database environment handles must not be closed while transactions in the environment have not yet been committed or aborted. Specifically, this includes the DbTxn, DbLogc and DbMpoolFile handles.
         Where the environment was initialized with the 
         DB_INIT_LOCK  flag,
         calling DbEnv::close() does not release any locks still held by the
         closing process, providing functionality for long-lived locks.
         Processes that want to have all their locks released can do so by
         issuing the appropriate DbEnv::lock_vec()  call.
    
         Where the environment was initialized with the 
         DB_INIT_MPOOL flag,
         calling DbEnv::close() implies calls to 
         DbMpoolFile::close()  for any
         remaining open files in the memory pool that were returned to this
         process by calls to DbMpoolFile::open().  It does
         not imply a call to DbMpoolFile::sync()  for those
         files.
    
         Where the environment was initialized with the 
         DB_INIT_TXN  flag,
         calling DbEnv::close() aborts any unresolved transactions.
         Applications should not depend on this behavior for transactions
         involving Berkeley DB databases; all such transactions should be
         explicitly resolved.  The problem with depending on this semantic is
         that aborting an unresolved transaction involving database operations
         requires a database handle.  Because the database handles should have
         been closed before calling DbEnv::close(), it will not be possible
         to abort the transaction, and recovery will have to be run on the
         Berkeley DB environment before further operations are done.
    
         Where log cursors were created using the 
         DbEnv::log_cursor()  method,
         calling DbEnv::close() does not imply closing those cursors.
    
         In multithreaded applications, only a single thread may call the
         DbEnv::close() method.
     
         After DbEnv::close() has been called, regardless of its return, the
         Berkeley DB environment handle may not be accessed again.
    
         The DbEnv::close() 
            
            
                method either returns a non-zero error value or throws an
                exception that encapsulates a non-zero error value on
                failure, and returns 0 on success.